A charge controller is the most important component of a charging system. In order to prevent security concerns and to ensure battery safety, the solar panel must also have a charge controller.
As the solar panels are available in various types, so are the charge controllers. It can be varied for the voltage or the amount of power. If you want to inspect your solar charge controller, you have to know about its function, application, and type. Let me give you a copious brief about the solar charge controller.
The Urgency to Use a Solar Charge Controller
Energy flow and power supply are the two most important things in our modern lives. At the same time, every power system should have a distinct process of energy regulation.
A solar charging system can modulate the energy flow and prevent the solar system from overcharging. Plus, overcharging can damage your solar battery in a short period.
The function of a solar charging controller is not limited to overcharging only, but it can manage the voltage of the electricity, change the direction of power.
It is also used as a gateway to your battery which builds up with strong communication technology. Furthermore, it also works as a detector that can detect any system failure or management failure of the system.
Solar charging controller provides you with full control of the charging system of a panel. So, you can determine the charging percentage and can turn on or off your charging process.
Types of Solar Charge Controller
There are three major types of solar charge controllers depending on their function, maintenance and capacity. They are:
- Simple 1 or 2 stage controller
- PWM Type Controller
- MMT Type Controller
Simple 1 or 2 Stage Controller
It is the simplest type of controller and offers the least functionality. By using shunt regulation, it controls the voltage. All it does is squat the panel and manage the existing voltage. It is not very functional and requires little maintenance. Thus, this consists of two controllers and is designed solely to control voltage.
PWM Controller
PWM stands for Pulse Width Modulation. It is a traditional regulation process, which works by opening arrays. It has functioned by verifying the width. When the diameter is large, the regulation process can work at full strength.
On the other hand, when the width is zero, that means the regulation process is switched off. So, the voltage can be controlled by maintaining the width.
This type of controller is suitable for a clear, calm, and blue sky. It has great usage in electricity supply, power supply, telecommunications, and electronic devices. Moreover, it ensures the optimal outcomes of power and minimal system loss.
MPPT Type Controller
It is the newest and fastest technology in the field of solar regulators. MPPT stands for Maximum Power Point Tracking. As the name suggests, it can provide the maximum amount of power with your desired voltage.
It is an exorbitant technology and has more multiplex functions than the PWM controller system. It provides you with switch-like safeguarding just like the PWM controllers.
But the main difference is, MPPT can adjust the voltage of the panels and the batteries. So, you can get an outstanding output from it. Plus it is capable of performing in a variety of conditions.
This type of controller is best suited to industrial settings where power is required in large amounts. In spite of the fact that it is more expensive than PWM, this process is 20% more efficient.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Mppt or Pwm, Which One Is the Best Controller System?
It depends. Both systems are popular, effective, and fabulous. If you are looking for a controller for a low power system, PWM is the best choice for you. But for a high power system, MPPT is more efficient and suitable.
How Do I Check the Controller System?
There are various processes to check the controller system, by which you can determine if your system works fine or not. The simplest method is to use a multimeter and check the manufacturing voltage. If it remains very low, that means your controller isn’t working properly.
Final Words
The lack of a proper regulation system causes many solar batteries to malfunction every year. The biggest enemy of a solar panel is a fluctuating power flow. Therefore, using a controller system, you can regulate the voltage and ensure a long life for your batteries and solar panels.
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